General Butler Misses His Wife, Does Not Plan an Attack

| August 25, 2011

Sunday, August 25, 1861 General Benjamin Butler, in the years following the Civil War, took credit for the conception of an attack upon Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. It was, said Butler, his idea, his plan and everything moved at his discretion. What the General left out of his Memoirs, however, was his desire in late [...]

Escaped Slaves are Not Free; Gathering Rebels in Missouri

| August 8, 2011

August 8, 1861 Nearly in a panic over how to handle the slaves escaping into his lines near Fortress Monroe, on the Virginia Peninsula, General Benjamin Butler wrote to the United States Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, for guidance. Since that time, the legislature had passed the Confiscation Act, which was vague and didn’t quite [...]

The Rebels Burn Hampton, Virginia; A Possible Prisoner Exchange?

| August 7, 2011

Wednesday, August 7, 1861 General Benjamin Butler had been in a quandary over what to do with the 800 or more escaped slaves that had taken shelter near Fortress Monroe on the Virginia Peninsula. He had assumed that since they were considered property by the enemy, they could be confiscated as “contraband of war.” Butler’s [...]

Butler’s Growing Contraband Problem

| July 30, 2011

Tuesday, July 30, 1861 Benjamin Butler had a problem. Being commander of Fortress Monroe on the Virginia Peninsula was no easy job. Though there had been no major fighting since the Battle of Big Bethel, Confederates in General John Bankhead Magruder’s Army of the Peninsula threatened his positions at Newport News, Hampton and along the [...]

Sigel Fights the Battle of Carthage

| July 5, 2011

Friday, July 5, 1861 Though he was outnumbered roughly six to one, Colonel Franz Sigel marched his small brigade of Union Missouri troops north from Carthage towards the camp of the secessionist Governor Jackson. The Missouri State Guard had been throughly whipped by General Lyon’s Union troops two weeks earlier, but since then, had pulled [...]

Rebel Victory at Big Bethel

| June 10, 2011

Monday, June 10, 1861 The accidental but deadly engagement between two different regiments of Union troops, each mistaking the other for the Rebels, blundering into each other on the way to Big Bethel, was observed by Confederate Capt. W. H. Werth, commander of the Chatham Grays. He watched both regiments firing musket, shot and shell [...]

Blundering Their Way to Big Bethel

| June 9, 2011

Sunday, June 9, 1861 While Union General Patterson was in a holding pattern in southern Pennsylvania and Colonel Stone was gathering his wits and troops in Washington for the Rockville Expedition, General Butler, with men at Fortress Monroe and Newport News, planned a pre-dawn attack on a nearby Rebel fortification. For a few days, detachments [...]

Union Troops in Grafton!; Harney Out; Butler Keeps His Contraband; The Raising of the Merrimack

| May 30, 2011

Thursday, May 30, 1861 With Union forces from the west drawing ever closer, Confederate Col. Porterfield had vacated the strategically essential railroad hub of Grafton, western Virginia for Philippi, fifteen miles south. Though Union Col. Kelley (from the northwest via Wheeling) and Col. Steedman (from the west via Parkersburg) had been delayed, Porterfield was taking [...]

The Situation Around Washington; Shots at Aquia; Support for Contraband

| May 29, 2011

Wednesday, May 29, 1861 As the situation stood in Virginia on this date, Union troops were invading from the west, the east and the north. The inroads (with the exception of the west) were slight, but alarm was raised. Across the Potomac from Washington, newly-appointed commander of the United States Department of Northeastern Virginia, Brigadier-General [...]

Invasion of Western Virginia! Butler’s Advance; Taney’s Challenge

| May 27, 2011

Monday, May 27, 1861 Just after dawn, the 1st Virginia (US) under Col. Kelley marched across the suspension bridge from Ohio to Wheeling, western Virginia. Hundreds of loyal Unionist citizens rose early to see their boys off. Many of the 1st Virginia were from Wheeling, so wives and mothers hugged and kissed their dear ones [...]